What is an SPL token?
An SPL token is a token created using the Solana Program Library (SPL) Token Program, Solana's built-in standard for issuing fungible and non-fungible assets. It is the Solana equivalent of Ethereum's ERC-20. Because every SPL token shares the same program, all Solana wallets, exchanges and explorers can recognise and handle any SPL token automatically.
When you use a Solana token creator, the token it produces is an SPL token. Understanding what that means helps you make good decisions at launch, especially around the three authorities described below.
How SPL tokens work
On Ethereum, each token is its own deployed smart contract. Solana takes a different approach: a single on-chain program, the Token Program, manages every token. Creating a token means creating a "mint" account that the Token Program controls, rather than deploying new contract code. This is why minting an SPL token is fast and cheap, and why there is no bespoke contract to audit.
Each token also relies on the Metaplex metadata standard to attach a name, symbol and logo. Together, the Token Program and Metaplex metadata are what make your token display correctly in Phantom, Solscan and DEX screeners.
SPL token vs ERC-20
- Architecture: SPL tokens share one program; ERC-20 tokens are each a separate contract.
- Cost and speed: Minting on Solana costs a fraction of a cent in rent and confirms in seconds.
- Accounts: On Solana, holders have a separate "associated token account" per token, derived from their wallet.
- Audit surface: A standard SPL token has no custom code, so there is nothing unusual to review.
The three authorities that matter
Every SPL token can carry up to three authorities. Whether you keep or revoke them is the most important trust decision you make at launch.
Mint authority
Controls whether more tokens can be created. Revoking it permanently fixes the supply, so no one can inflate the token. This is the headline check buyers and screeners perform.
Freeze authority
Controls whether token accounts can be frozen, which would stop holders transferring. Revoking it guarantees no wallet can be locked out.
Update authority
Controls whether the metadata (name, symbol, logo) can be changed. Revoking it locks the token's identity permanently for maximum transparency.
Create a standard SPL token
Mint with Metaplex metadata and optional authority revokes.
Are all memecoins SPL tokens?
On Solana, almost all of them are. A memecoin is simply a standard SPL token with strong branding and a community behind it. There is no separate "memecoin" token type; the technology is the same SPL token you would use for any other purpose.
Related: What is a Solana token creator · How to create a Solana token